List of Equipments for Outdoor Mountaineering

British mountaineer Mallory stood at the foot of Mount Everest in 1922 to answer a reporter's question about "why climbing". He pointed to the mountain next to him and said: because it is there.

Outdoor equipment is a necessary resource for us to achieve the purpose of mountaineering. It can be as simple as a pair of shoes; It can also be as complex as several trucks to load. With the progress of science and technology, the change of concept and the accumulation of mountaineering experience, a wide variety of equipment has been derived. People often don't know how to choose and buy a wide range of equipment in mountaineering stores. Indeed, carrying and using appropriate equipment is a great knowledge, which not only affects the achievement of mountaineering purpose, but also affects life and death in serious cases.

If you are a beginner in mountaineering, you may not be able to judge that it is best for your needs, so don't buy all the equipment at once. Purchase some at a time and rent them when necessary. You can understand the characteristics of the equipment without regretting buying the wrong things. After you have accumulated enough experience, you will be able to make a wise choice to minimize the repeated investment in equipment. In short, mountaineering equipment should cooperate with the active mountaineering theory, give full play to the maximum flexible skills and abilities with the minimum necessary items, avoid becoming a collector and an exhibition hall of equipment, and remember that mountaineering is not enough only by the equipment.

List of mountaineering equipments

Careful analysis these equipments has an obvious function, in addition to their normal use, their combination can provide emergency survival needs in case of accidents. If you can't get aid, you can survive for a long time with these equipments to wait for rescue or get out of trouble.

Map and compass

Maps and compass can tell us the way home, especially when you enter very strange or inaccessible places. To study the map before use is necessary. If there is no careful study in advance, there may be some difficulties in field use. If you can't use a map, you won't be impressed by the area you've been through, and it's easy to get lost.

Headlights

The importance of headlights will be deeply understood by those who have walked in the dark on the mountain without the assistance of lighting appliances. Mountaineering is sometimes caused by bad weather, path collapse, team members being injured or lost... And other factors, resulting in returning at night or being unable to set up camp. At this time, it is difficult to continue without lighting. It's a good idea to hang the lamp on your head, so you can spare your hands to do other things, so the headlamp came into being. Two points shall be paid attention to when using headlights:

First, it is best to use waterproof products, which can be used not only in any weather; Even if stored in a humid place for a long time, the contact and battery are not easy to corrode.

The second is to have a safety switch. The switch of some headlights is poorly designed. When it is placed in the backpack, the switch is suddenly turned on due to the shaking and collision of items, so your battery is wasted.

Backup food

It is necessary to carry some backup food. We may be late or trapped due to bad weather, getting lost, injury and other factors.Because it is backed up, it also means the taste of emergency use. Therefore, it is better to bring food that is light in weight, does not need to be cooked, easy to digest and is not easy to deteriorate after long-term storage. The combination of dried meat, stone fruit, dried fruit, raisin and candy is a good choice. At present, there are many conditioning bags, instant rice, instant porridge that can be eaten without cooking or scalding boiled water... It seems that it is also good, but you should pay special attention to its weight, content and storage date. Carefully measure whether it is suitable for mountaineering at the foot of the mountain. Don't regret it until you go to the mountain.

Backup clothing

Heat preservation is the first key to survival in the wild. Backup clothes may save your life in an emergency. During mountaineering activities, in addition to the mountaineering clothes you wear, you should also prepare some backup clothes to cope with the ever-changing weather. There is no certain choice of backup clothes. A warm coat, feather vest or a set of sweat wicking underwear may be a good choice, which mainly depends on the matching of your clothing system in this operation. A light jacket in suburban mountain activities; In addition to warm coats, you may also need to back up hats, gloves, sweat wicking underwear... Wait. Due to the Limited waterproof capacity of the backpack, these backup clothes must be wrapped in clip chain sealed plastic bags or waterproof bags to ensure their dryness.

First aid kit

Although the medical behaviors that can be done in the mountains are very limited, if there is no first-aid kit, even some basic trauma treatment is also very difficult. The contents of the first-aid kit mainly include trauma, scald, insect bite, fever and fever reduction, anti-inflammatory, cramp prevention and treatment, and medication for personal special needs.

Knife

For food preparation, fire making, first aid and even rock climbing, a knife is necessary, so everyone should take a knife with them. The knife is a useful and a basic tool. As the saying goes: "a knife has two sides, one side is" profit "; One side is "harmful", so although the knife is easy to use, special attention should be paid to safety when using it. When holding a knife, you should keep the mood of caution and fear. You must not joke with the knife to avoid hurting others or yourself. On the mountain, we are most likely to use two knives. One is a small knife; The second is medium-sized knife (the blade length is about one foot). Medium knives are the best weapon for making fire, cutting paths and self-defense, while small knives are more convenient in cooking food or dealing with certain matters.

Fire starter

Now there are no mountaineers without stoves. Why do you bring fire making tools? Of course, it can be used in the case, as long as you think that the stove is a group equipment, not everyone has it. In case of need, the fire making tool can help you quickly make a fire in the field. Don't imagine drilling wood for fire. It's more difficult to light a fire on rainy days. The most common and simple fire making tools are lighter and kindling. Lighters should be more than a few, and must be waterproof. Kindling can be replaced by candles.

Raincoat

Walking in the rain with an umbrella is very emotional; It feels very delicate to hold an umbrella in the scorching sun. But if it is for the purpose of mountaineering, I don't think an umbrella is the best choice. Some people take umbrellas up the mountain, but this can only be used in suburban mountains with good road conditions, or as an auxiliary rain gear in high mountains (photography, camp activities, etc.). The raincoat is the most important part of the clothing system. It should have formed a basic preparation behavior to take a raincoat when climbing. There are too many examples that pleasant climbing has become a nightmare due to not carrying or carrying improper rain gear. There is no good weather every time when climbing. It is normal to encounter wind and rain on the mountain. At this time, if there is no raincoat, it is hopeless.

Survival box

The survival box should be a metal container so that it can be used as a cooker when necessary. In the survival box, you can place some string, iron wire, survival paper, survival strategy card, heating bag, kindling, lighter, needle and thread bag, reflector, whistle, small straw... And other small and scattered survival supplies or repair supplies.

External tent

The external tent or plastic cloth allows you to easily match the terrain to establish a temporary shelter. Although the external tent is very light and small, its function is like a tent, which is even better than the tent on some occasions. The external account mentioned here refers to the external account of the four person house account. Don't make a mistake. If you take the external account of the yurt, it will be difficult to use.

Other important little things are kettle, sunglasses, sunscreen and lip balm. Wait. The mountains are usually dry. In order to maintain physical strength and prevent dehydration, we need about one liter of water for a day's activities. Therefore, we must prepare a container considerable size, a 1.25 liter bottle or a special 1 liter mountaineering plastic kettle are good choices. The thermos bottle is quite practical whether it is used for cold drinks in summer or warm drinks in winter. Aluminum kettle is also a good choice. It is not only light and odorless, but also can hold hot and cold drinks and even oil. At present, few climbers in Taiwan use aluminum kettles, so they should avoid being confused with fuel tanks.

In addition to wearing correct clothes and climbing shoes, the following should also be carried during suburban mountain activities in a single day:

Matters needing attention:

1.You can choose a light jacket for warm clothes in summer, but you must wrap them in a clip chain sealed plastic bag or waterproof bag.

2. Supplementary rope or umbrella belt can be listed as optional equipment.

3. For easier trips with better road conditions, you can choose umbrella or a hat and rainproof cloak instead of raincoat.

4. In addition to windproof, hats are mainly used for shading in summer and keeping warm in winter.

5. More scattered and commonly used items can be packed with waist.

Mountaineering tips

1. Talk less

Speaking consumes a lot of physical energy. Speaking needs to mobilize many muscle tissues such as oral muscle, throat muscle and lung muscle. It needs to call blood from the heart to supply the needs of these muscles. What's more, the amount of oxygen consumed by speaking is very huge. When we speak, almost all the oxygen inhaled by the lungs is used to supply speaking, The oxygen content in the blood drops rapidly. If it is shouting and talking continuously, it will consume more energy. Therefore, talking as little as possible on the way is an important way to save energy.

In addition, less talk, more observant and more experience are one of the symbols of mature donkey friends. It is a good quality of a tasteful donkey. Some talking and talking nonsense donkey friends along the way are very annoying. At the same time, listening to other people's constant noise in their ears is also a waste of physical strength and leads to a bad mood. Therefore, if it is not necessary, try not to say more, so as not to harm others and yourself.

2. Reduce the number of times you sit down and rest

Many donkey friends sit down when they feel tired when they go uphill. When you want to walk, you already tired legs have to consume a lot of energy to support your whole body and backpack. In fact, there are many ways to rest. There is no need to sit down all over:

Choose to lean against the trunk to reduce the load on both legs and relieve the pressure.

Choose a higher place to sit down. It's best to sit on a slope and stone with a small height difference from your hips. When you get up and walk, you don't need to spend a lot of energy to lift your whole body.

Use the special rest method for donkey walking: hold the knees with both hands to support the upper body, bend the upper body into a balance bridge, keep the back horizontal, put the backpack on the back smoothly, bend the legs slightly, face the uphill direction, relax the trunk, reduce the sense of weight-bearing on the shoulders, relieve the pressure on the spine from top to bottom, quickly relieve fatigue and recover physical strength. When starting, do not quickly lift the upper body, but slowly restore the trunk to the normal position in the upward process.

Take a deep breath as far as possible, slow down until you don't feel tired. Spread the rest into each step and reduce the number of breaks.

If you sit down and rest, try to sit down where there is a smooth road ahead, rather than enter a high place to rest immediately after the rest. Otherwise, after rest, the heart, lungs and muscles are in a calm state, and suddenly need great physical fitness, which will lead to danger, not to mention, but also a waste of physical fitness.

Take small steps and shuffle your feet slightly. Small steps can save part of your physical strength. When you go up the mountain, you don't lift your feet very high and drag the floor a little. As long as it doesn't affect walking and safety, you can save your physical strength. Pay attention to these small places and form a habit, you can save a lot of physical strength.

When you go to the high platform, you can lift your legs with your hands, and then press your knees to raise your body. There are many roads in the mountains. You suddenly need to climb a high stone platform. At this time, if you are very tired, don't use the strength of your legs to rise your body, because the legs haven't stopped using in the process of going up the mountain, and the muscles will be cramped and inconvenient when you are extremely tired. Therefore, the combination of upper and lower limbs is the best, which can save a lot of physical strength, And ensure safety.

3. Deep breathing method

Many donkey friends breathe short, shallow and rough when going uphill, which is irregular, so they will be more and more tired. When going up the mountain, keep the proper rhythm of walking and breathing, and deliberately control to reach the state of habit. Try to breathe and breathe, step by step on the steep load-bearing slope. When you are tired, deepen your breathing and deliberately slow down the rhythm slightly, so that your physical fitness is evenly distributed with your breathing. Shortness of breath is a waste of lung muscle movement. The same amount of exercise cannot absorb enough oxygen, which is what donkey friends should pay attention to.

With good walking and breathing rhythm, you can walk for hours without stopping to rest, and don't feel tired.

4. Try to lower your center of gravity when you go up the mountain

From the perspective of physics, it is well understood that the low center of gravity will not only stabilize the steps, but also save physical strength. For example, small people save energy when climbing mountains than tall people. Lean your upper body forward slightly to a suitable angle and let gravity help you climb the mountain. If it is a steep slope, it is best to use both hands and feet, which will be very easy. The front slope just makes up for the length of the arm, so that people can walk on all fours like animals, which is one of the ways to save physical energy. Equipped can use a walking stick to achieve this effect.

May your life be full of excitement!